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The oversight of social security in the United States falls under the jurisdiction of the federal government. This system was established in 1935 as part of the Social Security Act, which created a social insurance program designed to provide financial assistance to retirees, the disabled, and survivors of deceased workers.

The federal government manages the Social Security Administration (SSA), which is responsible for administering the social security program, determining eligibility, and overseeing the disbursement of benefits. The SSA operates independently, but it is ultimately accountable to Congress and the President.

While state and local governments may administer various welfare and assistance programs, they do not oversee social security, which is distinct to federal jurisdiction. Nonprofit organizations may play supportive roles in advocacy and assistance but do not have the governing authority over social security programs. Hence, the federal government is correctly identified as the body responsible for overseeing social security in the United States.